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Guto'r Glyn, active 1430-1468
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Barddoniaeth

A transcript by William Jones ('Bleddyn'), Llangollen of 'cywyddau' and 'englynion', etc. by Gwerful Mechain, Hywel Dafi [Hywel ap Dafydd ab Ieuan ap Rhys], Sion ap Philpot, Robert ap Dafydd Llwyd, Gruffudd Leiaf, Iorwerth Fynglwyd, Dafydd Llwyd ap Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Sion ap Hywel ap Tudur, Huw Cae Llwyd, Lewis Daron, Bedo Brwynllys, Syr Rhys o Gar[no], 'Twm o'r Nant' [Thomas Edwards], 'Person Llangwm', Tudur Aled, Morys ap Hywel ap Tudur, Gruffudd Hiraethog, Huw Llwyd Cynfal, Ieuan Dew Brydydd, Dafydd ap Gwilym, Richard Cynwal, Huw Machno, Syr John [Sion] Leiaf, [Sir] Huw Pennant, Rhys Nanmor, Sion Dafydd Lâs [John Davies], Syr Dafydd Owain, Gruffudd ab Ieuan ap Llywelyn Fychan, Hywel Cilan, Sion Tudur, Lewis Môn, Hywel Gethin, Ieuan ap Gruffudd Leiaf, Watcyn ap Rhisiart, Hywel ap Rheinallt, Mathew Brwmffild, Guto'r Glyn, Watcyn Clywedog, Wiliam Llŷn, Wiliam Cynwal, Simwnt Fychan, Ieuan Llafar, Thomas Prys, William Vaughan, Huw Arwystli, Sion Phylip, Richard Phylip, Ieuan Dyfi, Lewis Menai, Rhys Goch Glyndyfrdwy, Llywelyn ap Gutun, Madog Leiaf and Ieuan ap Rhydderch, with 'englynion' by Dafydd Nanmor, Cadwaladr Ces[ai]l, Huw Ifan ap Huw ('o'r Brynbychan') and Siôn Ifan.

Gwaith prydyddawl amryw hen feirdd

Transcripts of Welsh cywyddau, incorporating 'Llyfr Mr Robert Wynne o'r Berth Ddu' (p. 19). The manuscript includes blocks of poetry ascribed to Dafydd ap Gwilym (pp. 387-405) and Guto'r Glyn (pp. 652-670), and associated with Wiliam Gruffudd of Penrhyn (pp. 493-589).

Translations of Welsh poetry,

A volume of Edward Powell containing English translations of 'cywyddau', etc., by Goronwy Owen, and brief notes on the works of Guto'r Glyn, Hywel Dafydd o Raglan, Bedo Brwynllys, Bedo Eurfren [Aeddren], Ieuan Deulwyn, Meredydd ap Rhys, Ieuan Brydydd Hir Hynaf, Tudur Penllyn, Lewis Glyn Cothi, Dafydd Nanmor, Deio ap Ieuan Du, Gutyn Owain, Tudur Aled, and Dafydd ap Edmunt, and on the eisteddfodau held at Carmarthen, 1451, and Caerwys, 1524.

Edward Powell.

Barddoniaeth,

Transcripts by Ioan Pedr and others of 'cywyddau' and other poems by Wiliam Llŷn, Guto'r Glyn, Siôn Brwynog, Dafydd Llwyd ap Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Llywelyn ap Gutun [ap Ieuan Lydan], Huw Arwystli, Wiliam Cynwal, Siôn Tudur, Edmwnd Prys, Ellis [ab] Ellis ('gweinidog Eglwys Rhos a Llandudno'), [Rhisiart] Phylip, Humphrey Owen, [Sion] Rhydderch, Dafydd Manuel, John Pritchard, Dafydd Jenkins, Robert Thomas, Twm Simon and Rowland Jones ('Roli Penllyn'); a copy of the charter granted to Pwllheli, 1423; and a copy of a letter, February 1812, from John William Prichard, Plas y Brain, Anglesey to William Roberts.

Miscellanea,

Miscellaneous papers in the hand of Edward Williams ('Iolo Morganwg') bound together in one volume. The contents include pp. 11- 36, a draft version of the essay 'A short review of the present state of Welsh MSS.' which appeared as a preface to The Myvyrian Archaiology of Wales . . ., vol. I (London, 1801), the present version being a much fuller one than that actually published (see also NLW MSS 13089E, 13104B above); 39-57, transcripts of Welsh poems attributed to Rissierdyn, Iorwerth Fynglwyd, and Huw Dafydd; 68-121, a transcript of a sequence of seventy-two 'englynion' ('Englynion y Clyweit') and poems attributed to Meredydd ap Rosser, Rhys Brychan, Dafydd Llwyd Matheu, Ieuan Rhydd, Siencyn Rissiart, In. Risiarts, Siôn Tudur, Wiliam Cynwal, William Llyn, ? Huw Arwystli, Rhisiart Davies, Esgob Mynyw, Robert Gruffudd ab Ifan, Bartholomew Jones, Huw Llyn, Elis ap Rhys ap Edward, R. Hughes 'o Fôn', D[afydd ap] G[wilym], William Elias, [Edward Williams] 'Iolo Morganwg', and Gronwy Ddu (or Hopkin ap Thomas ap Einion), miscellaneous extracts, lists of the children of Llywarch Hen, Urien Rheged, etc.; 125, a note on the poet Siôn Cent; 127-8, genealogical notes on the descendants of Rhys ap Tewdwr headed 'Morganiaid Tredegyr'; 129, memoranda ? relating to the parish of St. Mary, Cardiff; 140-41, a transcript of an incomplete English poem described as an 'Old Poem on Glamorgan. English'; 147-8, extracts from Patrick Symson: The Historie of the Church . . . (London, 1634); 150, an incomplete transcript of a 'cywydd' attributed to Wm. Egwad; 153-4, incomplete notes headed 'History of Dunraven Castle'; 165, a list of people who had attained to a considerable age in Glamorganshire; 166, a transcript of a fragment (end portion) of a letter, December 1726, from Edward Gamage, [rector of] St. Athan, which appears to have contained information relating to the Stradling family of St. Donats (see NLW MS 13100B above); 167-8, ? an outline scheme or chapter headings for a proposed 'History of the Lordship of Glamorgan'; 179-80, notes headed 'Bonedd ag Anfonedd' [from Panton MS 63 now NLW MS 2029B]; 180, transcripts of 'englynion' attributed to R. Nanmor, Iorwerth Fynglwyd, and Iolo Goch; 181-2, a list headed 'Llyma enwau Celloedd Cor Illtyd'; 184, notes relating to the descent of the Rev. John Williams, Sevenoaks, Kent, circa 1800, from the Cogan family; 185-6, a list of markets and fairs [in co. Glamorgan]; 187, a note relating to the reform of parliamentary representation; 192-3, chapter headings for a proposed 'History of the British Bards'; 194, a list of old castles in co. Glamorgan; 198 + 203, an account between Edward Williams and Thomas Williams relating to the tuition of the former's children Margaret, Ann, and Taliessin, 1796-1803 (verso used for writing notes); 200-01, a list of literary topics headed 'Testunau gwastadol a sefydledig Beirdd Cadair Morganwg a Gwent ac Euas ac Ergin ac Ystrad Yw . . . derbyniedig bob amser a ganer arnynt . . .'; 204, an anecdote relating to a blind man; 204, three stanzas of Welsh verse by [Edward Williams] 'Iolo Morganwg'; 208-09, a copy of the inscription on the tomb of the Reverend Daniel Walter, master of Cowbridge School, ob. 25 August 1787, and his brother William, ob. 8 October 1789; 220-21, a short French - English - Welsh vocabulary; 223, an 'englyn' by [Edward Williams] 'Iolo Morganwg'; 227-9, notes relating to Hindustani prosody, etc.; 230, a brief note on Welsh bards and minstrels; 233 + 240, extracts from [Nicholas Owen:] Caernarvonshire, a sketch of its history . . . [London, 1792]; 236-7, a list of 'Barbarisms in Walter Davies' Translation of [Thomas] Gisborne [A Familiar Survey of the Christian Religion . . .]'; 238 + 235, rules of a scheme for collecting subscriptions for a proposed ? emigration, ? 1797; 243-4, a list of titles of ninety-five Welsh poems, mainly 'cywyddau', headed 'Celfyddydau, moesau, ag arferion'; 246-7, descriptive notes on co. Glamorgan; (continued)

249-52, notes on the waste lands ? of Radnorshire with suggestions relating to inclosures; 255-8, notes on the production of wine in Germany with suggestions re vine growing in Britain; 261, a note on three wells in the lordship of Newton Nottage; 263-6, a list of 'Druidical maxims'; 265, a draft title-page for a second edition of Edward Williams: The Fair Pilgrim, a poem translated from Dafydd ap Gwilym; 268, a note on 'Brut y Saeson'; 269-71, medicinal recipes and other extracts from ? the Annual Register; 273-85, 335-8, religious and philosophical notes or observations; 290-92, notes on heraldic terms, etc ., ? from the Encyclopaedia Britannica; 293-4, ? extracts from [Thomas] Maurice: Indian Antiquities; 299-304, notes headed 'Eastern District of the County of Radnor' (topography, soil, the possibility of coal deposits); 312-13, a transcript of a 'cywydd' attributed to Gutto'r Glyn; 318-19, notes headed 'History of the Bards' referring to Ll[ewely]n Siôn's treatise on bardism; 321-2, notes headed 'Llymma Reithiadur Cerdd'; 341, extracts from Esdras II, chapter XIV; 344, notes on 'Trefn yr Albannau'; 348-9, a list of 'remarkable instances of longevity' ? extracted from the General Magazine, September 1789; 352-3 a 'Table of the fifteen Diationick Chords of the system of the antient'; 355, notes on 'Rheol bwrw pris', 'Y Cant hir', the burning of lime ? in Anglesey, etc.; 356, two lists of rules headed 'Hyn a wna wr yn hiroesawg ag yn iachus', and 'a Fyrhaant einioes dyn ac a'i heneiddia'; 357-9 a list headed 'Llyma rai o Gweiriau Cerdd dant'; 360, notes headed 'A Comparison of the pronounciation of the letters in the Welsh or British tongue to the Greek and Hebrew letters'; 361, notes headed 'Gogwyddor i ddallt y pricciad yn Llyfr Robert ap Hugh y Telynior'; 361 (2), extracts from Sion Rhydderch: Grammadeg Cymraeg [1728]; and 368, a few triads, a few Welsh proverbs, a note relating to Lewys Morys, and a note on the 'Wenhwyseg' as the language of Welsh literature to circa 1300. Interspersed amongst the above items are miscellaneous Welsh verse, lists or groups of Welsh words often with English definitions or explanatory notes, grammatical or etymological notes, etc. In one instance notes have been written on the blank sides of an incomplete copy of Herbert Croft's printed proposals, 1792, for publishing an English dictionary based upon that of Samuel Johnson, and in another on the blank verso of a broadsheet containing a copy of a Latin inscription found in the parish of Gelligaer, co. Glamorgan, with a Welsh translation thereof.

Miscellanea,

A volume containing miscellany of prose and verse items in the hand of Edward Williams ('Iolo Morganwg'), divided into three sections each described on its 'title-page' as 'Brith y Coed sef cynnulliad cymmysg o hen Bethau Cymreig Rhyddiaith a Phrydyddiaeth Cynnulliad Iolo Morganwg'. These three sections are numbered Rhifyn 1, 11, 111 respectively. The contents of section 1 (pp. i-viii, 1-153) consist of miscellaneous items including notes on the three bardic brothers Ednyfed, Madawc (Benfras), and Llywelyn ap Gruffudd of Marchwiail [co. Denbigh] (11), copies of versions of the dedicatory epistle to Richard Mostyn and the letter to the reader which Gruffudd Hiraethog composed as introductory material to his booklet or volume 'Lloegr drigiant ddifyrrwch Brytanaidd Gymro' which contained, inter alia, his collection of Welsh proverbs (see D. J. Bowen: Gruffudd Hiraethog a'i Oes (Caerdydd, 1958), tt. 32-7) (33-42), a list of old Welsh words extracted from the aforementioned booklet (37), a copy of Simwnt Vychan's licence as 'pencerdd' granted at the Caerwys eisteddfod, 1567 (42- 3), miscellaneous Welsh proverbs (44-5, 72), a list of fifteenth and sixteenth century Welsh bards with the names of their burial places (59-62 ), an anecdote relating to Siôn Mowddwy (64), a copy of the marriage vow ( Welsh) in force in the time of Oliver Cromwell (73), a brief note on the orthography of the 'Black Book of Carmarthen' (73), medicinal recipes (74- 5), a description of a traditional Glamorgan game called 'Chware cnau mewn Llaw' (see IM, tt. 51-2) (76), anecdotes purporting to give biographical data re Dafydd ap Gwilym (77-85), an anecdote relating to Rhisiart Iorwerth 'o Langynwyd' incorporating an 'englyn' attributed to him (86-7), an anecdote re the imprisonment of people in Cardiff gaol for their religious views in the reign of Mary [Tudor] (93-6), an anecdote re a meeting of poets at Ystrad Ywain [co. Glamorgan] in 1720 (98), a note relating to Llywelyn Bren Hen (100), a brief pedigree of the Abermarlais family (101), a list of Welsh proper names derived from Latin (105-06), a note on 'cerdd gadair' and 'cerdd deuluaidd' (107), a series of triads entitled 'Trioedd y Cybydd' (117-20), a few triads with other miscellanea ( 132-3), a note on violent winds near Ruthyn [co. Denbigh] in 1628-1629 (137-8 ), an extract from a letter from John Lloyd ap Huw to Edward Llwyd of the [Ashmolean] Museum [Oxford], 1698, concerning the location of certain ' cistiau' and stone circles (138-9), a note on Tudur Aled with a list of bards licensed at an 'eisteddfod' held at Caerwys in 1565 (150-51), and an anecdote relating to Tomas Llywelyn 'o Regoes' (152); prose items, lists, etc., with the superscriptions 'Llyma enwau Pedwar Marchog ar hugain Llys Arthur . . .' (1-10), 'Llyma enwau Arfau Arthur' (10), 'Llyma Enwau llongau . . . Arthur' (10), 'Casbethau Cattwg Ddoeth' (16), 'Enwau y Pedair camp ar hugain (24 accomplishments) a'r achos y gwnaethpwyd hwynt' (17-19), Pedwar Marchog ar hugaint oedd yn Llys Arthur . . .' (20-23), 'Cynghorion Ystudfach fardd' (27-8), 'Cyngor Taliesin . . . i Afawn ei Fab . . .' (46), 'Llyma achau a Bonedd rhai o'r Prydyddion' (49), 'Ymryson yr Enaid a'r Corph yr hwn a droes Iolo Goch o'r Lladin yng Nghymraeg' (65-70 ), 'Naw Rhinwedd y gofyn Duw gan Ddyn' (70-71), 'Graddau Carennydd' (92), 'Coffedigaeth am ladd y Tywysog Llywelyn ap Gruffudd . . . ' (130-31), 'Y Saith Veddwl teithiol' (134-5), 'Llyma saith Rhad yr Yspryd Glân' (135), 'Llyma'r . . . saith Bechod marwol' (135), 'Llyma saith weithred y drugaredd' (135), 'Llyma Weddi y Pader' (136), 'Enwau y nawnyn a diriwys yn gyntaf yn Fforest Glynn Cothi' (142-3), and 'Chwe peth a ddifa Lloegr' (148); and transcripts of Welsh poems in strict and free metre, often single 'englynion', including poems attributed to Rhys Goch Eryri (12), Thomas Llywelyn 'o Regoes' (12,141), Gruffydd Hiraethog (13), Simwnt Fychan (? 13, 109), Bleddyn ddu (13), Dafydd Benwyn (13), Richard Hughes ( 14, 116), Wm. Llyn (14), Elis Wynn 'o blwyf Llanuwchlyn' (15), Taliesin Ben Beirdd (23, 90-91, 104), Ystudfach fardd (23-6), Thomas Gruffudd (32), Llen. Deio Pywel (46), Llywelyn Siôn 'o Langewydd' (47-8), Hopcin ap Thomas ap Einon 'o Ynys Dawy' (50), Gytto'r Glynn (55), Thomas Glynn Cothi (57-8), Tomas Lewys 'o Lechau' (63-4), Morys Dwyfech (72), Twm ab Ifan ab Rhys (87-8), William Dafydd 'o Abercwmyfuwch' (88-9), Siôn y Cent (97, 112- 14), Dafydd ap Gwilym (99, 108), Edward Richards (108), Revd. Mr. Davies, Bangor (108), Tudur Aled (109), Edward Maelor (109), Rhys Cain (110, 115), Dafydd ap Siancyn Fynglwyd (110), Roger Cyffin (110), Siôn Tudur (110), Syr Huw Dafydd 'o Euas' (111), Ieuan Brydydd Hir 'o Lanyllted' (111), Thomas Powel 'o Euas' (111), Dafydd ab Edmwnd (114), Rhisiart Iorwerth (115), Syr Ifan, 'offeiriad Carno' (115), Matthew Owen (115), ? Huw Morys ( 115), Rhisiart Philip (115), Cynddelw Brydydd Mawr (116), Seisyllt Bryffwrch (116), Dafydd Nanmor (131), Iago ab Dewi (140), Llywelyn Tomas ( 141), and Rhobin Ddu 'o Fôn' (143-8), a sequence of fifteen stanzas called 'Araith y Gwragedd' (29-32), a sequence of 'Englynion y Misoedd' attributed to Syppyn Cyfeiliog or Cneppyn Gwerthrynion reputedly 'o Lyfr Ysgrif yn llaw'r Dr. Dafis o Fallwyd' (121-4), and a sequence of thirty-two 'Englynion yr Eira' attributed to Macclaff ap Llywarch (125-30). (continued)

Section 2 (pp. 161-312) contains miscellaneous items including a note relating to Morgan Llywelyn ? 'o Regoes' (170), a short list of Welsh bards who had acted as bardic teachers to other bards (198), miscellaneous genealogical and chronological data (220-21), lists of Welsh bards 'yn amser y Clymiad cyntaf ar Gerdd', 'yn yr ail clymiad Cerdd', and 'yn amser y trydydd Clymiad ar Gerdd' (225-32), a copy of an introduction written by [Edward Williams] 'Iolo Morganwg' in 1800 to a proposed booklet to be called 'Gwern Doethineb' containing ? extracts from miscellaneous Welsh manuscript sources (268-70), a brief chronicle of events in Welsh and British history to 1318 A.D. (275-9), a further brief chronicle of events in Welsh and British history to 1420 A.D. (280-300), and a third brief chronicle of such events to 1404 A.D. (301-03); prose items or lists with the superscriptions 'Henaifion Byd' (171-5), '14 Prif geinciau Cadwgan a Chyhelyn' (186-7), 'Llyma Ddosparth Cerdd Dant' (211-14), 'Llyma enwau y pedwar mesur ar hugain Cerdd dant' (214-15), 'Llyma y saith mesur ar hugain' (215-16), 'Llyma Lyfr a elwir Cadwedigaeth Cerdd Dannau . . .' ( 217-19), 'Llyma yr ystatys a wnaeth Gruffudd ap Cynan i'r Penceirddiaid a'r Athrawon i gymmeryd Disgyblion . . .' (271-4), and 'Dosparth yr awgrym' ( 303); and transcripts of Welsh poems, sometimes a single 'englyn', including poems attributed to Dafydd ap Gwilym (169-70, 205), Siôn y Cent (175-9), Huw Machno (180-84), Thomas Carn (184-5), Thomas Dafydd ap Ieuan ap Rhys 'o Bwll y Crochan' (a sequence of twenty 'Englynion Eiry Mynydd ar Ddiarhebion') (187-93), Dafydd ap Edmwnt (194), Siôn Brwynog (195, 200), Hywel ap Syr Mathew (196), Dicc Huws (197), Syr Thomas Williams 'o Drefriw' (199), Dafydd Nanmor (200, 304), Thomas James (200), Rhys Cain (201, 203 ), Siôn Philip (201-02), Huw Pennant (202), Morgan ap Huw Lewys (202), Huw Arwystli (204), Tudur fardd coch (205), Llawdden fardd (206), Dafydd Manuel (207-10), Guttyn Owain (222-4), Edward Dafydd (265-7), and Thomas Llewelyn 'o Regoes' (304), a series of 'englynion' mostly to the nightingale reputedly composed in connection with 'eisteddfodau' held at Caerwys including 'englynion' attributed to Siôn Tudur, Wiliam Cynwal, Wiliam Lleyn, Rd. Davies, escob Mynyw, Robert Gruffydd ab Ieuan, Bartholom Jones, Huw Llyn, Elis ab Rhys ab Edward, Syr Lewys 'o Langyndeyrn', Hittin Grydd, and Lewys ab Edward (233-9), a series of one hundred and sixty stanzas with the superscription 'Chwedlau'r Doethion (o Lyfr Tre Brynn)' each stanza commencing 'A glywaist ti chwedl' (240-60), and a second sequence of thirty-four stanzas of the same nature (260-65).

Section 3 (pp. 313-444) includes prose items with the superscriptions 'Llyma Ragaraith Bardd Ifor Hael' (with a note thereon by [Edward Williams] 'Iolo Morganwg') (335-9) 'Cas Bethau Bardd Ifor Hael' (339), 'Trithlws ar ddeg Ynys Prydain' (340-41), 'Llyma fal y telid iawn dros alanas gynt. . .' (352), 'Llyma ddosparth yr awgrym' (356), 'Dewis Bethau Bach Buddugre' (357-8) 'Casbeth Ieuan Gyffylog' (358-9), 'Casbethau Dafydd Maelienydd' (362-3), 'Llyma gynghorion y Dryw o'r Llwyn glas' (364-6), 'Llyma gynhorion Gwas y Dryw' (366), 'Araith Ieuan Brydydd Hir o Lanylltid' (with a note thereon by [Edward Williams] 'Iolo Morganwg') (369-72), 'Llyma Enwau Prif Gaerydd Ynys Prydain' (393-7), and 'Dewis bethau Hywel Lygadgwsg' (424-5); transcripts of Welsh poems, sometimes a single 'englyn', including poems attributed to Wmffre Dafydd ab Han, 'clochydd Llan Bryn Mair' (321-7), Wiliam Philip 'o'r Hendre Fechan' (328-34), Morgan Mwcci Mawr (334), Richard Wiliam (343-9, 374), Dafydd Llwyd 'yn ymyl Llanrwst' (351), Dafydd Ddu 'o Hiraddug' (351), Llywelyn fawr y dyrnwr (360-61), Ieuan Brydydd Hir ( 372-4), Merfyn Gwawdrydd ('canu misoedd y flwyddyn') (375-82), Guttyn Owain (383-4), Maclaf ab Llywarch ('Eiry Mynydd' stanzas) (385-9), Taliesin Ben Beirdd (390-91, 398-401), Dafydd Edward 'o Fargam' (417), Thomas Llywelyn 'o Regoes' (417), Ednyfed Fychan (418), Morgan Llywelyn 'o Gastell Nedd' (419), Ystudfach Fardd (twenty-four 'Englynion y Bidiau') (421-4), Gwgan ab Bleddyn (426-7), and Davydd Davies 'o Gastell Hywel' (432); and miscellaneous items including instructions in Welsh for making fishing hooks ('Modd y gwneir Bachau enwair') (342-3), medicinal recipes (349-51, 420), lists of Welsh proverbs (353-5, 367-8), an anecdote re Taliesin and Maelgwn Gwynedd (391-2), a copy of the introduction written by Thomas Wiliems [of Trefriw] to his Latin - Welsh dictionary 'Thesaurus Linguae Latinae et Cambrobrytannicae' transcribed by [Edward Williams] ' Iolo Morganwg' from one of the manuscripts of Paul Panton of Plas Gwyn, Anglesey (now NLW MS 1983 of which see ff. 48-56) (402-13), a note by 'Iolo Morganwg' relating to Thomas Wiliems (414-15), a note relating to Cattwg Ddoeth (418), brief notes on Dafydd ap Gwilym, Llawdden Fardd, Dafydd ap Edmwnd, and Tudur Aled (428), four versions of the Lord's Prayer in Welsh 'o'r un llyfr yn llaw Edward Llwyd' (429-31), a note on Tudur Aled (432), and a short treatise commencing 'Llyma son am Fonedd ag anfonedd sef y traether am fonedd ac anfonedd yn hynn o fodd . . .' (433-9 ). Each section is preceded by a list of contents.

Barddoniaeth; doethineb Catwg Ddoeth,

A composite volume containing transcripts of prose and verse items in the hand of Edward Williams ('Iolo Morganwg'). Pp. 1-80 contain transcripts of Welsh poems, almost entirely 'englynion', by, or attributed to, Llywelyn ab Rhosser 'o Sainffag[an]', Dafydd Llwyd Mathew, Dafydd ap Siencyn Fynglwyd, Richd. Watcins, vicar Llanellen, Thomas Llywelyn 'o Regoes', Llywelyn Thomas, Edwd. Dafydd 'o Fargam', Siôn y Cent, Siôn Morys 'o Lanfabon', Thomas Lewys 'o Lechau', Rhys Brychan, Hywel Bwr Bach, Huw Cae Llwyd, Dafydd Benwyn, Iorwerth Fynglwyd, Morys Cyffin, Hopcin Thomas 'o Faglan', Rhaff ab Rhobert, Siôn Tudur, Gwerfyl Mechain, Rhobert Cludro, Tudur Aled, Dafydd ap Edmwnd, Hywel ap Syr Matthew, Bleddyn Siôn 'o Lancarfan', Hywel Llwyd, Dafydd ap Gwilym, Siôn Philip 'o Hendrewaelod', Lewys Morys, Dafydd, abad Margam, Dafydd Dafies 'o Gastell Hywel', Iolo Morganwg, Huw Llwyd Cynfel, Siôn Cydewain, Llawdden, Syr Lewys Mochnant, Lewis Môn, Roger Cyffln, Syr Ifan o Garno, Wiliam Byrchinsha, Ednyfed Fychan, Cwnin Brydydd, Twm Siôn Catti, Lewys Morganwg, Rhys Brydydd, ? Lewys Glyn Cothi, Dafydd Nanmor, Jenkin Richards 'o Flaenau Gwent', Ieuan Gethin ab Ieuan ab Lleision, Siôn Brwynog, William Cynwal, Richard Huws, Dr. Morgan, esgob Llanelwy, Lewys Powel, William Middelton, Hopcin Tomas ab Einiawn, Elis Drwynhir, Harri ap Thomas ap Wiliam 'o'r Ddiserth', Grufydd Hiraethog, Morys Dwyfech, Owain Gronw, Hywel ap Rhys, Syr Lewys Gethin, Richard Cynwal, Roger y Gwydd, Edmwnd Prys, Dr. R. Davies, esgob Ty Ddewi, Rhys Cain, Huw Roberts Llun, Rhisiart Iorwerth 'o Langynwyd', ? Huw Ednyfed, Einion ap Dafydd Llwyd, Rhydderch Roberts, Syr Lewys y defaid, Syr Lewys Anwyl, Robert ab Han, Syr Ieuan Brydydd, Syr Owain ap Gwilym, Catherin ferch Howel, Wiliam Llyn, Owain Gwynedd, Dafydd Alaw, Evan Llwyd Sieffre, Morgan ap Huw Lewys, Robert Dafydd Llwyd, Wiliam ap Hywel ap Tomas, Morys Parri Llen, Ifan Siôn 'o Wedir', and Sils ap Siôn, and other unattributed poems. The inscriptions on p. 81 and p. 83 and the note on p. 82 appear to indicate that they were intended as cover and 'title-page' respectively for a home-made booklet containing a corpus of 'englynion' by Jenkin Richards of Blaenau Gwent, co. Monmouth, extracted mainly 'o Lyfrau Harri Siôn o Bont y Pwl a Llyfr ym Meddiant Rhys Thomas, Argraffydd o'r Bont Faen ym Morganwg', but only four 'englynion', presumably meant to be attributed to this poet, follow on p. 84. Pp. 91-198 contain miscellaneous items including 91-2, notes headed 'On the oldest places of Christian Worship in Wales'; (continued)

93-7, 105-06, notes, generally derogatory, on the character and literary and metallurgical activities of Lewis Morris; 100- 04, notes on 'Welsh Ideas of Celibacy'; 122-8, a transcript of thirty 'englynion' entitled 'Ymatreg Llywelyn a Gwrnerth' attributed to Tysiliaw fab Brochwel Ysgithrawc; 130, a note relating to an 'eisteddfod' held at Y Pil (Pyle, co. Glamorgan), 1740; 131- 41, notes relating to 'singing to the harp', the 'bardd telyn', carol and 'alsain' verse, the adapting of verse to music, etc.; 147-62, transcripts of 'englynion' attributed to Rhobert, Tywysog Norddmanty, Morys Kyffin, Wm. Byrchinsha, and Gutto'r Glyn, extracts from the works of various Welsh poets, etc.; 167, a version of William Midleton's introductory epistle [to his Bardhoniaeth neu brydydhiaeth, y llyfr kyntaf (Llundain, 1593)] copied 'Ex Vol. 40. Mr. Panton' [i.e. Panton MS.40 now NLW MS 2008]; 168-9, five stanzas of a hymn tune attributed to Elis Wynn; 169, a transcript of two 'englynion' attributed to Dr. [John] Davies; 171, a list of the commotes and hundreds of Glamorgan copied from '68. P.P.' [i.e. Panton MS 68 now NLW MS 2034]; 175-88, an alphabetical list of Welsh bards 'o Lyfr D'dd Ddu o'r Eryri'; and 188-98, miscellanea including transcripts of 'englynion' attributed to Siôn Mawddwy, Ieuan Tew, William Philip, and D[afydd] ab Gwilym, miscellaneous triads, genealogical data relating to various Welsh bards and Syr Rhys ap Thomas, etc. Pp. 207-390 (previously paginated 1-184) contain a collection of maxims, proverbs, triads, sayings, etc., attributed to Cattwg Ddoeth and described on a 'title-page' to the section ( p. 199) as 'Llyma Ddoethineb Cattwg Ddoeth o Lancarvan' and in a concluding note (p. 390) as 'Llyfr y cyntaf y Gwyddfardd Cyfarwydd'. In a note on the aforementioned 'title-page' (p. 199) Edward Williams claims to have transcribed this collection in 1799 from a manuscript in the possession of Siams Thomas of Maerdy Newydd, co. Glamorgan. Preceding and following the actual text of the collection are transcripts of a prefatory letter dated 1685 (pp. 201-06) and of the concluding note already referred to (p. 390) both of which are attributed to the Glamorgan scribe and copyist Thomas ab Iefan of Tre Bryn as compiler of the manuscript from which Edward Williams was allegedly copying (see TLLM, t. 172; IM, tt. 291-4). Pp. 391-477 contain a transcript of a collection, in alphabetical order, of over three thousand Welsh proverbs attributed to Cattwg Ddoeth ('Llyma Ddiarhebion Cattwg Ddoeth . . . sef yw hwnn Ail Lyfr y Gwyddfardd Cyvarwydd'). This collection, according to the aforementioned note at the end of the preceding section (p. 390) attributed to Thomas ab Iefan, had been compiled by the said Thomas from various sources and formed a continuation of the previous section. Edward Williams's claim with regard to the Siams Thomas volume is probably intended to apply to the contents of pp. 391-477 as well. The contents of pp. 199-390 have been published in The Myvyrian Archaiology of Wales . . ., vol. III (London, 1807), pp. 1-99.

Letters to D. Silvan Evans,

Thirty-two letters and one postcard, 1869-90, to D. Silvan Evans from Howel W[illiam] Lloyd (1816-93), Upper Chelsea and Kensington ('Y Marchog Crwydrad', mention of 'Llyfr Ceniarth', a manuscript containing poems by Huw Arwystli [sic], etc., bibliographical matters, his efforts to collect the poems of Guto'r Glyn, the addressee's dictionary).

'Llyfr Tomas ab Ieuan, Tre'r-bryn',

A manuscript in two volumes containing a corpus of Welsh strict-metre verse consisting almost entirely of 'cywyddau', and a few Welsh prose items. The foliation of the 'text' (original f. 1 missing, original ff. 2-21 renumbered 1-20, a previously unnumbered folio between original ff. 21-2 now f. 21, ff. 22-623 as originally numbered with 75 twice and 265 and 577 missed out) is continuous, and the division into vol. I (ff. 1-300), now NLW MS 13061B, and vol. II (ff. 301-623), now NLW MS 13062B, occurs in the middle of a poem. Unnumbered leaves of later origin than those of the text have been inserted at the beginning and end of each volume. The manuscript, sometimes referred to as 'Y Byrdew Mawr', is in the hand of Thomas ab Ieuan of Tre'r-bryn, parish of Coychurch, co. Glamorgan, the scribe of NLW MSS 13063B, 13069B, and 13085B, and was probably transcribed in the last quarter of the seventeenth century, partly from the manuscripts of an earlier Glamorgan copyist, Llywelyn Siôn (see TLLM, tt. 95, 167-73, 218-19, 268; IM, tt. 87, 154, 264; and IMCY, tt. 81, 175). It was probably presented to Edward Williams ('Iolo Morganwg') by the copyist's grandson also named Thomas ab Ifan (see TLLM, tt. 170, 268). The contents include (revised foliation) :- 1 recto - verso, rules re interpreting the significance of dreams in relation to the phases of the moon (incomplete); 1 verso-8 recto, another set of rules (183) for interpreting dreams ('Deall braiddwydon herwydd Daniel broffwyd'); 8 recto-11 recto, a sequence of forty-eight 'englynion' entitled 'Englynion rhwng Arthur a Liflod i nai' (see The Bulletin of the Board of Celtic Studies, vol. II, pp. 269-86); 11 recto-verso, a poem attributed to 'Taliesin ben bayrdd'; 12 recto-15 verso, prognostications including 'Arwyddion kyn dydd brawd', and four 'englynion'; 16 recto-21 recto, 'Llyma anian diwarnodav y vlwyddyn o gwbl oll'; 21 verso, prognostications re birthdays; and 22 recto-623 verso, poems ('cywyddau' unless otherwise indicated) by Iorwerth Vynglwyd (17), Ieuan Rydd, Tydur Aled (12), Howel ap Rainallt (3), Mathav ap Lle'n Goch, Lewys y Glynn (7), Davydd ap Edmwnt (5), Siôn y kent (24), Davydd llwyd (2), Risiart Iorwerth (4), Llawdden (or Ieuan Llawdden) (6), Davydd Nanmor (5), Iolo Goch (8), Ieuan Daelwyn (13), Lewys Morgannwg ( 18), Thomas Lle'n (5, also 1 'englyn'), Howel ap Davydd ap Ieuan ap Rys (17), Ieuan Tew Bry[dy]dd Ievank (3), Huw Kae Llwyd (8), Ieuan Dyvi (2), Ieuan ap Howel Swrdwal (2), Davydd Llwyd Lle'n ap Gr' (3), Risiart ap Rys Brydydd (3), Tomos Derllysg (4), Gyttyn Kairiog, Ieuan Llwyd ap Gwilym, Ieuan Rydderch ap Ieuan Llwyd (3), Robert Laia, Ieuan Du Bowen Lle'nn ap Howel ap Ieuan ap Gronw (7), Rys Goch 'o Vochgarn', Ieuan Brydydd Hir, Gytto'r Glynn (25), Maredydd Brydydd, Howel Swrdwal (3), Thomas Lle'n Dio Powell (2), William Kynwal, Siôn Tydyr (7), Hyw Davi 'o Wynedd' (3), Huw Davi, Tomas ap Siôn Kati (2), Syr Rys 'o Garno', Syr Lewys Maudw, Syr Phylip Emlyn (2), Huw Lewis, Davydd Ddu Hiraddug, Davydd ap Gwilym (10), Bedo Aurddrem, Morys ap Howel, Ieuan Tew Brydydd (9), Siôn Brwynog, Harri ap Rys ap Gwilym (3), Morys ap Rys, Davydd Benwyn (11), Rydderch Siôn Lle' nn, Sils ap Siôn (3), Lle'n ap Owain, Syr Huw Robert L'en (3), Davydd ap Rys, Thomas Gryffydd, Siôn Phylip, Gwyrfyl verch Howel Vychan, Morgan ap Howel (or Powel) (4), Lle'n Siôn (8), Gryffydd Gryg (5), Maredydd ap Rys, Tydur Penllyn (2), Gronw Wiliam, Bedo Phylip Bach (4), Siôn Mowddwy (11), Rogier Kyffin (4), Wiliam Gryffydd ap Siôn (2), Hyw Dwnn, Lewys Môn (5), Wiliam Egwad (2), Ieuan Du'r Bilwg (2), Rys Brydydd, Daio ap Ieuan Du or Daio Du o Benn Adainiol (3), Gwilim Tew Brydydd (10), Rys Brychan, Maredydd ap Roser, Daio Lliwiel, Lle'nn Goch y Dant, Gryffydd Davydd Ychan (2), Syr Gryffydd Vychan, Lang Lewys, Rys Llwyd Brydydd, Meistr Harri Le'n ( 2), Siôn ap Howel Gwyn (2), William Llvn (5), Ieuan Gethin (ap Ieuan ap Llaison) (3), Gwilim ap Ieuan Hen, Ieuan ap Hyw, Gryffydd Hiraethog (5), Rys Pennarth, Davydd Llwyd Mathav (4), Davydd Emlyn, Davydd Goch Brydydd 'o Vyellt' (2), Rys Nanmor (3), Risiart Vynglwyd (2), Watkin Powel (6), Mairig Davydd (4), Ieuan Rauadr, Owain Gwynedd, Morgan Elfel, Syr Davydd Llwyd (3), Ieuan Thomas (4), Rys Goch 'o Eryri' (3), Lle'n vab Moel y Pantri (2), Syr Davydd ap Phylip Rys, Rys Trem, Siankin y ddyfynog (3), Morys ap Lle'nn, Risiart Thomas, Lle'nn Mairig, Gryffydd Llwyd ap Davydd ap Einon, Gryffydd Llwyd ap Einon Lygliw, Hopgin Thom Phylip, Edward Davydd (4), Ieuan Du Davydd ap Owain, Bedo Brwynllys, Thomas ap Rys 'o Blas Iolyn', Thomas Wiliam Howel, Davydd ap Ieuan Ddu, Syr Owain ap Gwilym, Rys ap Harri 'o Euas' (2), Edwart ap Rys, Davydd Manuel 'o Sir Drefaldwyn', SiamsThomas, Thomas Brwynllys, and Swrdwal. The unnumbered folios at the beginning of each volume contain a list of the contents of the volume giving, in the case of the poems, the name of the poet, in a hand bearing a strong resemblance to that of William Owen Pughe, and the title of the poem, in the hand of Edward Williams. The folios at the end of the first volume contain an index of the bards whose works appear in both volumes. This is possibly in the hand of Hugh Maurice, tanner and copyist. On one of the added folios at the end of the second volume is a poem to the Reverend John Jones, D.D., dean of [the cathedral church of] Bangor. Both volumes contain marginalia in the hand of Edward Williams.

Thomas ab Ieuan, Coychurch

Barddoniaeth,

A seventeenth century manuscript consisting of eighty-three folios containing transcripts of Welsh strict-metre verse, being almost entirely 'cywyddau' and 'englynion'. The poems were transcribed by Thomas ab Ieuan, the copyist of NLW MSS 13061-13062B, 13669B,13085B, in 1684 (see note in the scribe's own hand on f. 80 verso - 'Llyma lyfr kywyddav Thomas Ievan o Dre'r brynn ag ef i hvnan ai ysgryvennoedd ef pan oedd oedran yn harglwydd ni iesu grist 1684'; see also TLLM, tt. 170-71). Included are 'englynion' by Robin Ddu, Huw Pennant, Rhys Nanmor and others, and possibly the transcriber himself (see TLLM, tt. 170-71); 'cywyddau' by Robin Ddu (7), Rhys Nanmor, Huw Pennant, Dafydd Gorlech (2), Iolo Goch (3), Dafydd Nannmor (2), Siôn Mawddwy, Bedo Brwynllys, Guto'r Glyn (3) and others; and an 'awdl' ('odl vraith') by Rhys Nanmor. There are marginal notes in the hand of Edward Williams ('Iolo Morganwg').

Thomas ab Ieuan and 'Iolo Morganwg'.

Barddoniaeth,

An imperfect volume, the contents consisting of transcripts, in a hand possibly of the first half of the seventeenth century, of Welsh poems being mainly strict-metre poems in the form of 'cywyddau'. These are numbered and, if the manuscript when complete contained the whole sequence, the folios at the beginning containing poems 1-18 and most of poem 19 are now wanting. Many mid-volume and possibly some end folios are also missing. Poems by the following poets are included - Iolo Goch (2), Siôn y Cent (13 ), Siôn Tydyr, Lewys Morgannwg (5), Davydd Epynt, Ieuanap Rydderch ap Ieuan Llwyd (3), Davydd Ddu Hiraddug, Davydd ap Edmwnt (3), Ieuan Brydydd Hir, Davydd Nannmor, Gytto'r Glynn (2), Lewis i Glynn (3), Gryffydd Llwyd ap Davydd ap Enion, Hyw Llvn, Syrr Philip Emlyn, Lle'n ap Howel ap Ieuan ap Gronw (4), William Egwad, Gwilim Tew, Iorwerth Vynglwyd, Howel Swrdwal, Howel Davydd ap Ieuan ap Res (4), Siôn Brwynog, Ievan Tew Brydydd, Thomas Lle'n, Hyw Davi, Rys Goch 'o Vachgarn', Robert Laia, Ieuan Tew Brydydd Ievanc, Risiart ap Rys, Thomas Derllysg (2), Wiliam Cynvol, Siôn Phylib, Edwart ap Rys, Morys ap Howel, Gwyrfyl verch Howel Vychan, and Meredydd ap Rys. One of the poems by Ieuan ap Rydderch contains stanzas in which Latin and Welsh words are intermingled. There are a few marginal entries by Edward Williams ('Iolo Morganwg').

Triads,

A composite volume consisting of seven home-made booklets with stiff, brown paper covers bound together. The contents of six of the booklets consist of series of Welsh triads in the hand of Edward Williams ('Iolo Morganwg'), the various booklets containing the following series-Book I (pp. 11-62), ['Trioedd Doethineb'], 'Trioedd Gwladoldeb', 'Trioedd y Meddwyn', 'Trioedd Cyfarwyddyd', and 'Hen Drioedd Dosparth'; Book II (pp. 63-106; the inscriptions on the outer and inner upper cover appear to indicate that the contents were to consist of a series of 'Trioedd Braint a Defod', but the pages are blank except for p. 65 which contains two miscellaneous triads probably in the hand of Taliesin Williams); Book III (pp. 107-58), 'Trioedd Braint a Defod'; Book IV (pp. 159-206), 'Trioedd Doethineb', 'Hen Drioedd o Lyfr Thomas Glyn Cothi . . . Trioedd Taliesin in al.', 'Trioedd Serch' from the same source , 'Hen Drioedd Doethineb o Lyfr Watkin Giles', 'Trioedd Cyfarwyddyd', and 'Trioedd Barddas'; Book V (pp. 207-44), 'Trioedd y Dieithr', 'Hen Drioedd Cerdd Cymmysg sef Trioedd o Lyfr Iorwerth Fynglwyd . . .', 'Trioedd Llawdden Fardd a ddangos . . . efe yn Eisteddfod fawr Caerfyrddin' (on a strip of paper pasted on to p. 228), 'Trioedd Llaw[d]den Fardd sef Trioedd Cerdd Dafawd', and 'Trioedd Llawdden Fardd a ddangoswyd yn Eisteddfod Caerfyrddin 1451'; Book VI (pp. 245-84), 'Trioedd y Llafurwr o Lyfr Thomas Morys o Fodryngall yn Ystrad Dyfodwg a ysgrifennwyd ynghylch y flwyddyn 1700 gan Rhys Lewys, Meistr Ysgol yn Llanwonno . . .', and 'Trioedd Ach a Bonedd'; and Book VII (pp. 285-336), 'Trioedd y Brodyr o Lyfr Llywelyn Siôn' ('Rhisiart Iorwerth a'i Cant'), a second series with. the same title ('a Rhisart Iorwerth a gant y rhain hefyd'), 'Trioedd Mab y Crinwas o Lyfr Esaia Powel . . .' ('Gutto'r Glynn au Cant i'r Eisteddfod fawr ynghaerfyrddin'), 'Trioedd y Cymro o Lyfr Thos. Philip o Dreoes . . .' ('Hopcin Twm Philip o'r Gelli fid ai Cant'), 'Trioedd y Sais' from the same source, 'Trioedd y Lladron sef ydynt Brenin, Offeiriad, a Lleidr' from the same source, 'Trioedd Ysmalhawch Amrafaelion', 'Trioedd Beirdd', 'Trioedd Amrafaelion' (two series), 'Trioedd Cerdd Amrafaelion', and 'Trioedd Braint a Defawd'. Some of the series are incomplete and there are occasional annotations by Edward Williams and ? by Taliesin Williams, his son.

Barddoniaeth,

A composite volume containing transcripts of Welsh free- and strict-metre poems in the hand of Edward Williams ('Iolo Morganwg'). Pp. 23-398 contain Welsh strict-metre poems, mainly in the form of 'cywyddau', attributed to Syr Gruffudd Fychan, Lang. Lewys, Siôn Dafydd Las . . . 'o Lanuwchlyn', Gwilym ap Ieuan Hen, Siôn Cent, Simwnt Fychan, Siôn Philip, Dafydd ap Gwilym, Llawdden, Dafydd Llwyd ap Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Huw Machno, Iolo Goch, Gruffudd Dafydd ap Hywel, Edward ab Raf ab Robert, ? Dafydd o'r Nant sef Dafydd Wiliams, offeiriad Llanfrynach ym Morganwg, ? Dafydd Nanmor, Edmund Prys, Syr Siôn Leiaf, Tudur Penllyn, Wiliam Llyn, Madog Benfras, Llywelyn ap Meredyth ap Ednyfed sef Lle'n Llogell 'o Farchwiail', Rhys ap Dafydd Llwyd ap Llywelyn Llygliw, Rhys Goch 'o Eryri', Ieuan Gethin ab Ieuan ab Lleision, Thomas ab Ieuan ab Rhys, Casnodyn Fardd, Gutto'r Glynn, Iorwerth Fynglwyd, Wiliam Egwad, ?Rhys Brydydd 'o Dir Iarll', ?Rhys Du Brydydd, Ieuan Tew Ieuanc, Syr Thomas Jones 'o Lan Deilo Bertholeu', Lewys Morganwg, Tomas Lewys . . . 'o Lechau ym Mhlwyf Llanhari', Thomas Llywelyn 'o Regoes', ? Syr Dafydd Llwyd Llywelyn, Sippyn Cyfeiliawg, Hywel Llwyd, Lewys Glynn Cothi, Ieuan ap Hywel Swrdwal, Gruffudd Vychan ap Gruffudd ap Ednyfed, Siôn ap Howel ap Llywelyn Fychan, Lewys Môn, Richard Philip, Siôn Dafies, person Garthbeibio, sef y Dr. Dafies o Fallwyd, Rhys Llwyd ab Rhys ab Rhiccert, Llywelyn Moel y Pantry, Dafydd Benwyn, Gruffudd Llwyd ap Gronw Gethin, Owain ap Siôn ap Rhys, Huw Cae Llwyd, Grufludd Hiraethog, Cadwaladr ap Rhys Trefnant, Siôn ap Hywel Llywelyn Fychan, Deio ap Ieuan Du, Rhys Nanmor, Ieuan Tew Hynaf, Rowland Fychan 'o Gaergai', ? Rhisiart Iorwerth, Rhys Cain, Rhys Meigen, Thomas Carn, ? Hywel Dafydd ap Ieuan ap Rhys, and Thomas Lewys 'o Lechau Llannwonno'. There are occasional annotations by [Edward Williams] 'Iolo Morganwg' and the 'cywydd' attributed to Casnodyn Fardd (pp. 127-32) is followed (pp. 133-4) by notes mentioning a Glamorgan tradition which linked the name of that poet with the origin of the 'cywydd' measure. Pp. 236-8 contain a first-line index to the poems on pp. 239-360. Pp. 399-546 are devoted to poems attributed to Siencin Lygad Rhawlin, Dafydd o'r Nant, Hopcin y Gweydd 'o Fargam', Thomas Llywelyn 'o Regoes', Syr Tomas Jones, ofleiriad Llandeilo Bertholeu, Syr Huw Dafydd 'o Gelli Gaer', Rhys Goch o Dir Iarll ab Rhiccert ab Einion ab Collwyn (twenty poems), Hopcin Twm Philip 'o'r Gelli Fid', Syr Siôn ap Morys, Siôn Lewys Richard 'o blwyf Llangrallo', ? Ifan Huw 'o Ystrad Owain', Dafydd Nicolas 'o Aberpergwm', ? Huw Llwyd 'o Lancarfan', ? Twm ab Ifan ab Rhys, Hywel Llwyd 'o Lancarfan', Wil Tabwr, Gronw Wiliam, Morgan Pywel, Gwilym Tew, Thomas Morgan 'o'r Tyle Garw', Edward ab Efan 'o Benn y Fai', Llywelyn ab Hywel ab Ieuan ap Gronw 'o Lantrisaint' alias Llelo Llantrisaint, Thomas Llywelyn, ficar Llancarvan, Edward Matthews . . . 'o blwyf Llangrallo', and Sioni'r Maeswn Dimmai. There are occasional notes by [Edward Williams] 'Iolo Morganwg' and p. 419 contains a list of the titles of the twenty poems attributed to Rhys Goch ab Rhiccert (pp. 421-54 ). A square slip of brown paper inscribed 'Hen Garolau a gasglwyd yng Ngwynedd' has been pasted on to p. 547 and this is followed on pp. 551-610 by a series of thirty numbered 'carolau' the majority unattributed and some attributed to Huw Dafydd, Thomas Evans, Syr Lewys ab Huw, Llywelyn ab Hywel ab Ieuan ab Gronw, Llywelyn ab Hwlcyn 'o Fôn', Dicc Hughes, R. Hughes, and Richard Hughes (? whether the last three named were the same person). Pp. 611-33 contain three poems two of which are attributed to Huw ap Wiliam ap Dd. ap Gronw and Siôn Morys.

Barddoniaeth

A seventeenth century transcript of 'cywyddau' and 'awdlau' by Huw Machno, Dafydd ap Gwilym, Sion Cent, Sion Tudur, Dafydd Nanmor, Iolo Goch, Tudur Penllyn, Guto'r Glyn, Tudur Aled, Ieuan Deulwyn, T[h]om[a]s Derllys, Robert Leiaf, Wiliam Llŷn, Sion Brwynog, Robin Ddu, Gruffudd Hiraethog, Lewis Daron, Owain Waed Da, Hywel Cilan, Dafydd ab Edmwnd, Rhys Goch Eryri, Sypyn Cyfeiliog, Lewis Glyn Cothi, Iorwerth Fynglwyd, Ieuan ap Tudur Penllyn, Lew[y]s Morganwg (Llywelyn ap Rhisiart), Deio ab Ieuan Du, Bedo Brwynllys, Wiliam Cynwal, Huw Arwystli, Mor[u]s Dwyfech (Morus ap Dafydd ab Ifan ab Einion), Bedo Phylip Bach, Sion Phylip, Maredudd ap Rhys, Lew[y]s Môn, Ieuan ap Gruffudd Leiaf, Richard Phylip, Rhys Goch Glyndyfrdwy, Ieuan ap Rhydderch ab Ieuan Llwyd, Gruffudd ab Ieuan ap Llywelyn Fychan, Dafydd Llwyd ap Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Llywelyn ap Gutun [ap Ieuan Lydan], Sion ap Robert ap Rhys, Dafydd Benfras, Bleddyn Fardd, Edmwnd Prys, Gwilym ab Ieuan Hen, Syr Dafydd Trefor, Gruffudd Phylip, Ifan Llwyd (Gwaun Eingian), Edwart Ifans and Rhys ap Robert ap Hywel; 'englynion'; a vocabulary of old Welsh words; genealogies of the Lloyd family of Dulassau, etc.

Barddoniaeth, etc.,

A folio volume, the contents of which consists mainly of transcripts, in a variety of hands, of Welsh verse in strict metre, including 'cywyddau' and 'englynion' by Tho[mas] lloyd Ienga, Cad[wala]dr Thomas, W[illia]m Phillip, Huw Lloyd Cynfel, John Davies, Owain Griffith, Robert Humphrey (y prydydd bach), John Richart, Davydd lloyd llewelyn ap Gruffyth (o fathafarn), Gutto'r Glynn, Davyd Nanmor, Lewis Môn, Theodor (Tydur) Aled, Robin ddu ap sianckin Bledrydd, Hugh Machno, John Phylyp, Gruffyth Phylip, Richard Kynwal, Ievan llwyd, John Owenes, Philip Jo[h]n Philip, Rys Cain, Jo[h]n V[ augha]n (Caergai), David Davies, Edm[wnd] Prys, and D[avi]d Lloyd ap Will[ ia]m. There is also some Welsh verse in free metre by Rowland Vaughan (Caer Gai). Other items include copies of a rental of chief rents issuing to the crown out of the hundred of Ardydwy ywch artro, and out of Isartro [co. Merioneth], 1623, and of a rental of assize rents in the vill of Llanaber [co. Merioneth], 1637; pedigrees of the families of Anwyll [of Park, parish of Llanfrothen, co. Merioneth], Wynn [of Gwydir, co. Caernarvon], and Wynn [of Maesyneuadd, parish of Llandecwyn, co. Merioneth ]; maternal pedigrees of several North Wales families; a copy of 'The message of king Hen[ry] the seventh, as he was on his march to Bosworth field, to John ap Meredith, as it is in Edward Puleston's Bk.'; a memorandum, 1676, by Robert Wynne, of a lease of lands called Moel y Glo to Gruff Owen; and a few lines of English and Latin verse.

Miscellaneous correspondence

Seventy-seven miscellaneous holograph, autograph, and other letters, 1847-1938 and undated, including:
(a) Twelve letters to A[rthur] Stanley Davies at Welshpool, from E[ric] L[loyd] Horsfall Turner, town clerk, Aberystwyth, 1936 (2) (books borrowed by the writer's father [Ernest Richmond Horsfall Turner], the manuscript of his father's work [? on the Chartists in Montgomeryshire, now NLW MS 12888E]), H. R. Waiting, Richmond, 1935 (3) (enquiries about the making of 'old style, horn lanterns' in Welshpool, the writer's interest in local types of wains or waggons, and his making of scale models of these, suggestions for photographing and measuring local waggons,? at Welshpool), Frank Ward, Bettus y Coed, [19]35 (2) (the writer's interest in Welsh legends connected with Llyn Tarw, Llyn Dau Ychen, and Llyn Du), W[illia]m Watkins, Eastbourne, [19]19 (personal, the purchase of slides), D. R. Comley White, Hereford, 1935 (photographs of the writer's great-great-grandparents, enquiries re books), A. Bailey Williams, Llanymynech, undated (2) (plays called 'Judith' and 'Richard Roberts',? by the writer, the writer's intention of writing a play called 'Wtra Wen', a lecture or talk on Llanymynech by the writer), and Jack B[utler] Yeats, Dublin, 1938 (permission for recipient to use an illustration from the writer's book Life in the West of Ireland [(Dublin and London, 1912)], in his proposed booklet on Welsh ballads [The Ballads of Montgomeryshire (Welshpool, 1938 )]).
(b) Thirty-one letters to Morris Charles Jones [1818-1893, antiquary, founder of the Powysland Club], at Welshpool and Liverpool, from John Black, Garthbeibio, Cann Office, 1883 (the location of a vault found near Gwynyndu farm [parish of Llangadfan. See letters from the Reverend Griffith Edwards below]), [Colonel] Jos[eph] L[emuel] Chester, London, 1865 (2) (recommending Mr. Clarence Hopper, 'the paleologist of the Camden Society', as a transcriber of documents, an offer to, and the dispatch to, recipient of a set of the United States Diplomatic Correspondence for 1863 and 1864, in four 8vo volumes, acknowledging receipt of a copy of 'the Evans pamphlet' [probably the work listed in the British Museum Catalogue under A., J. R. and J., M. C. Evans [Genealogical notices of the family of Evans of Montgomeryshire. By J. R. A. and M. C. J., i.e., John Reed Appleton and Morris Charles Jones], Newcastle-upon-Tyne [1865]], the writer's genealogical researches into the history of the early New England settlers, an offer to procure for recipient a set of the N[ew] E[ngland] Hist[orical] and Gen[ealogical] Register), William Courthope, Somerset [Herald], College of Arms [London], 1865 (acknowledging receipt of the 'Evans Pamphlet'), H. Syer Cuming [London], 1883 (the writer's opinion concerning a ?pre-Roman, stone vessel in the [?Powysland] Museum), [the Rev.] G[riffith] Edwards, Llangadfan Rectory, 1883 (2) (an 'old interment' [sic] discovered in the parish of Llangadfan, notes relating thereto sent by the writer to the Shrewsbury Chronicle [see letter from John Black above, and Collections Historical and Archaeological relating to Montgomeryshire..., vol. XVI, 1883, pp. 379-80]), E. Bickerton Evans, Worcester, 1864 (comments on a draft copy of [the pamphlet on] the Evans family), Edw[ard] Evans, Beamaris [sic], 1865 (personal, thanks for a copy of 'the Evans pedigree', and comments thereon), Edward Evans, Worcester, [18]65 (acknowledging receipt of a copy of 'the Evans Genealogy', the presenting of 'a rare copy of an old Bible' to [H.R.H. Prince Augustus Frederick], Duke of Sussex [ob. 1843], by John Bickerton Williams, the belief that Mr. Williams had been knighted as a result, and that this was 'the first instance since the accession of the House of Hanover, that such an honour had been conferred on a Dissenter'), J[oh]n Evans, Llanberis and Leamington, [18]61-1865 (2) (personal, the [Evans] pedigree), John H. Evans, London, 1865 (thanks for the 'pamphlet Evans', comments on the name Evan), [ ] Goldsbro, London, 1865 (acknowledging receipt of a copy of the 'Genealogical Memoirs of the family Evans'), Edw[ard] Griffiths, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1865 (personal, acknowledging receipt of two pamphlets, viz. 'Reminiscences of Old Oak Panelling now at Gungrog' [i.e., Morris Charles Jones: Reminiscences connected with Old Oak Panelling now at Gungrog (Welshpool, 1864)], and 'Evans'), H. A. Hudson, Abergele, [18]65 (personal, acknowledging receipt of 'the pedigree of the Evanses'), Roger Kinsey, Berthddu Farm, Llandinam, 1883 (notifying recipient that he was forwarding 'the lumps of lead' for the Powysland Museum, the locations where the lead, a stone vessel, and a quern had been found, payment for the lead), S[amuel] S[avage] Lewis [librarian], Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1879 (publications of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society), William V. Lloyd, Kimbolton Vicarage, St. Neots, 1879 (2) (problems relating to [the Rev. Robert Kater] Vinter [vicar of Kimbolton, 1879-1880], and ?the tenancy of a farm belonging to the living), [ ] Marsden, Bedford Row [London], 1865 (thanking recipient for a pamphlet, and referring him to the Rev. I. C. Evans, Slough, for information), Tho[ma]s Newill, Powis Castle Office, Welch Pool, 1865-1876 (2) (information about minerals, readiness to provide information for the Evans's Pedigree, documents relating to Montgomery castle in the office), John Gough Nichols, Malvern Wells and Brighton, 1865 (2) (acknowledging receipt of the 'Genealogy of Evans', the receipt from Mr. [William] Pagan of a copy of his 'volume on Paterson' [The Birthplace and Parentage of W. Paterson ... (Edinburgh, 1865)]), Rycroft Reece, secretary, Genealogical and Historical Society of Great Britain, London, 1865 (acknowledging receipt of a copy of the Evans pamphlet), Thomas Richards, London, 1879 (a promise to try to make up deficiencies in a set of Arch[aeologia] Camb[rensis], a reference to the printing of Mont. Coll. [Collections Historical and Archaeological relating to Montgomeryshire...]), [the Rev.] L[awrence] W[illiam] Riley, The Parsonage, S. Cross, Knutsford, 1865 (thanking recipient for the 'Evans Pedigree', mention of the pamphlet on oak panelling, two Bibles, dated 1769 and 1773, in the writer's possession, one containing entries re members of the Evans family, genealogical information, the writer's 'large household ... upwards of twenty pupils'), and W[illia]m Wilding [?town clerk], Montgomery, 1876 (3) (a plan [of the town and castle of Montgomery] in the corner of [John] Speed's map of Montgomeryshire, 1610, documents relating to Montgomery castle, a proposed article [on the said castle] by the Rev[eren]d George Sandford [see Collections Historical ... relating to Montgomeryshire..., Vol. X, 1877, pp. 61-124]).
(c) Twenty miscellaneous letters from Professor [aft. Sir] E[dward] Anwyl, Aberystwyth, to Mrs. Davies, 1910 (permission for recipient to use the writer's name as a reference for her son); [Francis] T[revelyan] Buckland, London, to C. Thomas, Newtown, [18]74 (articles by the writer, his wish to submit the 'mummies' eyes' to Mr. W[illiam White] Cooper, the occulist, for an opinion); H. Syer Cuming [London], to W. G. Smith, 1883 (personal, a stone vessel found in a marsh in Montgomeryshire); [the Rev.] E[dward] B[lackstone] Cokayne Frith, The Vicarage, Market Lavington, to [Charles Edward] Howell, [18]94 (personal, congratulations to recipient on being elected mayor [of Welshpool], a parish council election in the writer's parish, stormy weather and floods); W[illiam] A[rthur] Griffiths, HM Dockyard, Malta, to Mr. Owen, 1915 (genealogical points relating to members of the Griffiths family in co. Montgomery, prehistoric, Phoenician, and Roman remains in Malta, the publication of the writer's book [Tales from Welsh History and Romance (London, 1915)]); R[obert] F[raser] Isaacson, Public Record Office [London], to 'My dear Lloyd', undated (his inability to find any records relating to [?Dolforwyn] castle); Morris Cha[rle]s Jones, Liverpool, to the Rev. Geo[rge] Sandford, 1876 (3 ) (?notes for recipient's proposed article on Montgomery castle [see letter from William Wilding in section (b) above]); Geo[rge] Matthews [Newtown], to Tho[ma]s Bowen, Welshpool, 1847 (a bond for securing £100 on the road leading from Newtown to Machynlleth); [David Pryce Owen], mayor of Welch Pool, to Councillor Rogers, 1873 (an invitation to the ceremony of laying the foundation stone of the new town hall, 15 September 1873) (in third person; endorsed with pencilled draft of recipient's reply); W[illia]m Pugh Phillips, Newtown, to Mr. [?E. R.] Horsfall Turner, 1935 (the writer's concern because of proposed changes in the administration of justice in co. Montgomery); George Rae, Birkenhead, to Charles [Edward] Howell, 1894 (congratulations to recipient on becoming mayor of Welshpool); Samuel Roberts [S.R.], London, to Mrs. Gardiner, 1872 (written to accompany a printed circular appealing for funds for a proposed new Welsh Congregational chapel in Southwark [London], towards which Samuel Morley, MP, had promised £500); [ ] Rogers [Welshpool], to C[harles] Howell, [18]85 (inviting recipient to become mayor [of Welshpool] for the following year); H. Lester Smith, Llanbrynmair, to Mr. Simpson Jones, 1895 (a gift to the Powysland museum of a stone arrow-head found in 1886); [Archdeacon] D[avid] R[ichard] Thomas, Llandrinio, to [Richard] Williams, 1901 (arrangements with regard to meetings [of the Cambrian Archaeological Association, to be held at Newtown, 29 July-2 August], a promise by the writer of a paper on the camps and earthworks of the [Newtown] district [see Archaeologia Cambrensis, sixth series, vol. II, 1902, pp. 33-42], and by recipient of a paper on Dolforwyn castle [Arch. Camb., sixth series, vol. 1, 1901, pp. 299-317], excavations at Caersws); Isabel M. Welch, Abermule, to Mr. Jones, undated (her brother's failure to find time to search certain documents for recipient); D. R. Comley White, Hereford, to E[rnest] R[ichmond] Horsfall Turner, 1935 (searches in Llanidloes parish registers, genealogical matters); and J[ohn] B[ancroft] Willans, Kerry, local representative of the Office of Works, to Mr. [?E. R.] Hosfall [sic] Turner, [19]35 (arranging a meeting with recipient to discuss proposed alterations to Long Bridge, Llanidloes) (enclosed are copies of a letter from Sam. Evans, divisional road engineer for Wales and Mon[mouthshire], Cardiff, to W. Owen Jones, county surveyor [for co. Montgomery], 1935, and of a letter from the said W. O. Jones to J. B. Willans, 1935, concerning the proposed alterations).
(d) Fourteen letters, in which the addressee is not named, from J. Anderson, The Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 1883 (a query relating to a two-handled, stone cup), Frances Arbuthnot, Winchester, 1901 (permission for the Cambrian Archaeological Association to visit Newtown Hall), Rob[er]t W[illiam] Eyton, Ripple Court [Kent], undated (the printing of charters of Llanlugan [sic] [nunnery], comments on transcripts of the charters submitted to the writer, Sir Watkin [Williams Wynn]'s objections to publishing charters, similar difficulties encountered by the writer in Shropshire) (this letter is possibly intended for Morris Charles Jones, the recipient in section (b) above, for whose article 'Some Account of Llanllugan Nunnery', incorporating transcripts of charters, see Collections ... relating to Montgomeryshire ..., vol. II, 1869, pp. 301-10), Albert Hartshorne, Royal Archaeological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, London, 1883 (a query concerning an [ancient] stone ?quern, a ?Roman bronze mortar purchased by the writer), John G. Jones [London], 1884 (Humphrey Jones of Garthmill [co. Montgomery], founder of Berriew school, and some of his immediate descendants), T. G. Jones, Llansantffraid, undated (mention of 'Caer droiau', and the possible engraving of the Figures so called [see Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru, Rhan VI, Caerdydd, 1953], a reference to monks at Pool ? in a history of Wales by [Robert John Pryse] 'Gweirydd ab Rhys' [?Hanes y Brytaniaid a'r Cymry (Llundain, 2 gyf. ?1873-1876)], a cywydd by Gutto'r Glyn referring to the marble in Ystrad Marchell [abbey] [see Ifor Williams a John Llywelyn Williams, Gwaith Guto'r Glyn (ail arg., Caerdydd, 1961), pp. 14-16], an account of monks and their labours in an ecclesiastical history by [John Williams] 'Ab Ithel' [?The Ecclesiastical Antiquities of the Cymry or The Ancient British Church ... (London, 1844)]), John Lloyd, Abermule, [18]85 (the marriage and children of the writer's grandfather), Marquise Catherine Niccolini [née Pryce], Firenze, 1891 (a request for copies of a part of Vol. XI of Collections Historical ... relating to Montgomeryshire ..., [in which a genealogical article on the Price family of Pertheirin, parish of Llanwnog, co. Montgomery, from whom the writer was descended, had appeared], also a request that the marriages of the writer and of her sisters, Sarah and Emelie, to members of the Italian aristocracy, be recorded in the volume), and W. G. Smith, London, 1883 (6) (a 'stone mortar' and another stone vessel submitted by recipient for examination, palaeolithic implements ? in the writer's collection, drawings by the writer of a large cromlech near Glan Conway).

Llyfr Llywelyn Siôn o Langewydd,

Cywyddau, awdlau and other poetry mainly in the hand of Llywelyn Siôn of Llangewydd, Glamorgan, poet and transcriber of Welsh manuscripts. Among the works included are those of Lewys Morgannwg, Davydd Nanmor, Iorwerth Vynglwyd, Howel Swrdwal, Risiart Iorwerth, Lewys y Glynn, Wiliam Egwad, Gyttor Glynn, Gwili, Tew, Sion Mowddwy, Llywelyn Sion (y copiwr), Risiart Lewys, Sion ap Howel Gwyn, Davydd Benwyn, Sion Tydyr, Meredydd ap Roser, Ieuan Gethin, Ieuan ap Howel Swrdwal, Huw Kae Llwyd, Huw Davi o Wynedd, Ieuan tew brydydd, William Llun, Llawdden, Lewys Mon, Bedo ffylib bach, Tydur Aled, Llywelyn ap Howel ap Ieuan ap Gronw, Rys Pennarth, Howel Davydd ap Ieuan ap Rys, Syr ffylip Emlyn, Syr Gruffydd Vychan, Lang lewys, Gryffydd Gryg, Thomas Derllysg, Rys Brychan, Ieuan ap Huw, Sils ap Sion, Daio du o benn y dainiol, Meistr Harri, Tydur Penllyn, Llywelyn Goch y dant, Gryffydd Davydd ychan, Gryffydd Llwyd ap Einon lygliw, Huw Dwnn, Risiart ap Rys brydydd, Ieuan daelwyn, Iolo Goch, Gwilim ap Ieuan hen, Morgan ap Howel, Thomas Llywelyn, Rys Brydydd, Ieuan ap Rydderch ap Ieuan Llwyd, Sion y Kent, Maredydd ap Rys, Mairig Davydd, Rys Nanmor, Rys Brenn, Ieuan Du'r Bilwg, Syr Davydd ap ffylip ap Rys, Ieuan Llawdden, Thomas Brwynllys, Rys ap Harri, Gronw Wiliam, Deio ap Ieuan Du, Morgan Elfel. Inserted between ff. 196 and 197 are poems in a later hand, mainly to Rowland Gwyn of Glanbran, by Thomas Jones, vicar of Llangamarch, his brother Dafydd Jones, and Thomas Morgan. At the end is a list of the poems and authors in a still later hand.

Llywelyn Siôn and others.

Poetry, &c.

A manuscript collection of prose and verse in the hand of an amanuensis of Dr John Davies, Mallwyd. The volume comprises 'Ystori Peredur fab Efrawg', with five missing folios at the beginning supplied by John Jones ('Tegid'); 'Achau'r Kwrwf'; Caerwys Eisteddfod roll, May 26, 9 Elizabeth [1567]; triads; recipes; 'Tlysau Ynys Brydain'; 'Araith Wgan'; an extensive selection of 'cywyddau' and 'awdlau', mainly 'cywyddau merched', by Bedo Aeddren, Bedo Brwynllys, Dafydd ab Edmwnd, Dafydd ap Gwilym, Dafydd Nanmor, Gruffudd Gryg, Gruffudd Hiraethog, Guto'r Glyn, Gutun Owain, Iolo Goch, Lewis Glyn Cothi, Rhisiart Phylip, Sion Cent, Sion Phylip, Simwnt Fychan, Tudur Aled and others; a collection of eulogies offered to Dr John Davies, Mallwyd, some of the poems having the date of composition recorded and including poems by Huw Machno, Sion Cain, Rhisiart, Gruffudd, Siôn and William Phylip and others; and miscellanea in various hands, including 'englynion marwnad Sion Dafis Athro parchedig mewn devinyddiaeth [Dr John Davies, Mallwyd]' by 'Rowland Vaughan esgwier o Gaergai' (1644), 'penillion gwr ifanc i'w gariad' (1688), 'moliant Sion Foulkes, Llanymowthwy', by Huw Morus (1674), 'moliant . . . maer Dinas Mowthwy' by Richard Lloyd, a fragment of 'Achau y Cwrw a'i hanes', an account of mizes paid (1646-1647), notes on Latin grammar, recipes, pedigrees, and a fragment of an interlude ('Argolws and Symoniax').

Barddoniaeth, &c.,

'Cywyddau', 'englynion', etc., by Richard Cynwal, Huw Machno, Simwnt Fychan, Thomas ab Ieuan, Watcyn Clywedog, Evan Chweliriog, Rhees bwlch y llech, Sion Tudur, Guto'r Glyn, Gutun Owain, Tudur Aled, Morys ap Hywel ap Tudur, John Kynvric, Iolo Goch, Syr Dafydd Trefor, Wiliam Ll?n, Rhys Goch Glyndyfrdwy, Wiliam Cynwal, Gruffudd Hiraethog, Morys ab Ieuan ab Einion, Sion Phylip, Maredudd ap Rhys, Edwart ap Rhys, Dafydd ap Gwilym, Ieuan Dew Brydydd, Mastr Harri 'offeiriad', Dafydd ab Edmwnd, Gruffudd ab Ieuan ap Llywelyn Fychan, Llawdden, Ieuan Deulwyn, Hywel Rheinallt, Bedo Aeddren, Guttyn bach or park, Huw ap Richard ap Dafydd, Dafydd Nanmor, Hywel ap Iolyn, Morys Kyffin, Lewis Glyn Cothi, Robin Clidro, Robert ap Dafydd 'or pumrhyd', Sion Cent, Syr Rhys 'offeiriad', Sion Ceri, Dafydd Llwyd ap Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Llywelyn ap Gutun, Wiliam Byrchinsha, Robert Dai Llwyd, Dafydd lloid ap William als david lloyd, Wiliam Myddelton, Owen Meurig, Thomas Prys, Edmwnd Prys, Huw Lloyd Cynfal, John Price ('or llwyndu'), Harri Hywel, and Humphrey Thomas; recipes; genealogies; etc.

Llyfr Thomas Jones, Trawsgoed,

'Cywyddau' and other poems by Guto'r Glyn, Sion Brwynog, Wiliam Llŷn, Dafydd Llwyd ap Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Llywelyn ap Gutun, Huw Arwystli, Sion Tudur, Edmwnd Prys, Wiliam Cynwal, Tudur Penllyn, Hywel Borthor ('o'r Trallwm'), William Myddelton, Owain Meurig, Wiliam Burchinsa[w], Mor[ri]s [K]yffin and Edward [K]yffin, transcribed by Thomas Jones, Trawsgoed, Llanuwchllyn.

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